Top 7 Key Differences Between 189 and 190 Visas [2025–2026 Guide]

TL;DR: The 189 visa is a permanent residency visa for skilled workers nominated by the Australian government without state sponsorship, while the 190 visa requires nomination by a state or territory government and offers additional points (but comes with an obligation to live and work in that state for at least two years). Your choice depends on how many points you have, your occupation on the relevant skilled list, and your willingness to commit to a specific region.

What is the main difference between the 189 and 190 visa?

The 189 visa is an independent points-tested visa, while the 190 requires state or territory nomination.

This single difference affects your eligibility, points score, obligations, and processing timelines. According to the Department of Home Affairs’ official Skilled Visa page, both visas are permanent residency pathways for skilled workers under the General Skilled Migration (GSM) program However their requirements diverge significantly.

Which visa has more points – 189 or 190?

The 190 visa offers an additional 5 bonus points through state nomination.

The 189 visa has a maximum of 95 points (before state nomination), while the 190 can reach 70+ points due to the 5-point state nomination bonus. According to the Department of Home Affairs’ Points Calculator, this can be critical:

• 189 visa – No extra points; you compete on base points score
• 190 visa – Automatically receive +5 points once nominated by a state/territory

For example, if you score 65 points on the 189, you might need 10 more points to be competitive. A 190 nomination immediately gives you 5, potentially pushing you to 70 points and improving your invitation chances. Use NovenAI’s free EOI Points Calculator to see where you stand.

What if my occupation is not on the MLTSSL?

If your occupation is on the STSOL (Short-term Skilled Occupation List), you can only apply for the 190 visa.

The 189 visa strictly requires an occupation on the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL). In contrast, the 190 accepts occupations from both:

• MLTSSL (e.g., software engineer, accountant, registered nurse)
• STSOL (e.g., hotel manager, graphic designer, marketing specialist)

Check your occupation on the official Department of Home Affairs’ Skilled Occupation List. If you’re unsure about qualification, use NovenAI’s Visa Success Predictor to assess your eligibility.

Do I have to live in a specific state with a 190 visa?

Yes – the 190 visa requires you to live and work in the nominating state for at least 2 years.

While not legally binding to remain permanently, state governments monitor compliance. Key facts:

• Commitment is implied during the nomination process
• States can revoke nomination if you leave immediately after visa grant
• Most states require evidence of intent (e.g., job offers, property lease)
• After 2 years , you can move anywhere in Australia

According to the Department of Home Affairs’ State Nomination page, each state publishes its own requirements. For example, South Australia may require you to live regionally, while New South Wales focuses on job market demand.

Which visa is better for low-scoring applicants?

The 190 visa is generally better for applicants with fewer points (below 70-75).

Here’s why:

• 189 invitation rounds in 2024 had cut-offs of 85-95 points for many occupations
• 190 invitations often start at 65-70 points due to state nomination bonuses
• State nomination prioritises key occupations (e.g., healthcare, IT, engineering)

For instance, a registered nurse with 65 points might wait years for a 189 invitation, while Tasmania or Victoria could nominate them quickly via the 190.

Tip: If you need help with English language scores, NovenAI’s English Level Guide can help you achieve the equivalent of a PTE Academic 65 (valid for skilled visas).

How does the EOI process differ between 189 and 190?

The 189 uses SkillSelect without state involvement, while the 190 requires submitting an EOI to both SkillSelect and a specific state/territory.

According to official SkillSelect guidelines, you must have a valid skills assessment before lodging the EOI.

Can I switch from 189 to 190 after applying?

No – you cannot change visa subclass after lodging your application.

If you’ve applied for a 189 visa and then find a state nomination is available, you must:

1. Withdraw your current 189 EOI (if no invitation received)
2. Submit a new EOI for 190 with nomination details
3. Apply separately to the state/territory

NovenAI’s real-time policy alerts can notify you when new state nomination rounds open, so you never miss an opportunity.

Conclusion

Choosing between the 189 and 190 visa depends on your individual profile: points, occupation list, and willingness to commit to a state. If you have high points (85+) and a MLTSSL occupation, the 189 offers maximum flexibility. If you need extra points or have an STSOL occupation, the 190 can be your fastest path to Australian permanent residence.

Next step: Use NovenAI’s free tools to assess your eligibility instantly. Calculate your points, check your occupation match, and simulate your invitation chances with our AI-driven Visa Success Predictor. Start your journey today at novenai.com.